Winter in Ontario brings a host of breathtaking ice formations, from towering ice volcanoes to glistening ice caves. Among these fleeting wonders is the delicate and rare occurrence of pancake ice—a striking natural phenomenon that appears along the province’s shorelines under the right conditions.
Pancake ice consists of circular, disk-like ice formations that range in size from 30 centimetres (12 inches) to three meters (10 feet) across and up to 10 centimetres (4 inches) thick, according to Oceanwide Expeditions. Their distinctive raised edges result from frequent collisions with other floating ice, creating a pattern that resembles a frozen mosaic on the water’s surface.
How Does Pancake Ice Form?
According to Ontario Parks, pancake ice can develop in two ways. In some cases, a solid sheet of ice breaks apart due to shifting currents and wave action, causing the individual pieces to rub together and smooth into round shapes. Alternatively, when water is slushy and near freezing, waves gently roll the ice fragments into circular discs.
Regardless of how it forms, pancake ice is always in flux, shifting and reshaping with the movement of the water. It is an ephemeral spectacle—appearing and disappearing within days or even hours as conditions change.
A Spectacle Best Enjoyed from Shore
For those hoping to witness this rare phenomenon, Ontario’s Great Lakes and larger rivers offer the best chances during extreme cold snaps. However, it’s crucial to enjoy this winter wonder from solid ground. Ice conditions on open water can be highly unpredictable, and venturing onto unsafe ice poses a serious risk.
Winter’s beauty is fleeting, and pancake ice is one of its most delicate marvels. If you’re lucky enough to spot it, take a moment to appreciate the intricate dance of ice, water, and wind before it vanishes back into the depths.
